Which statement correctly describes fowl typhoid and Pullorum disease in poultry?

Which statement correctly describes fowl typhoid and Pullorum disease in poultry?

• A. Fowl typhoid affects all ages and can present as acute septicemia or chronic enteritis/hepatitis; Pullorum disease primarily affects young chicks with ova transmission.
• B. Pullorum disease affects all ages; fowl typhoid is limited to hatchery losses.
• C. Fowl typhoid is not transmitted via ova; Pullorum disease is.
• D. Pullorum disease never leads to septicemia.

Answer: (A)

The key idea is the difference in age impact and transmission route between the two Salmonella diseases. Fowl typhoid is a systemic infection that can affect birds of any age and can present as acute septicemia or as chronic enteritis/hepatitis, reflecting its ability to spread and cause disease across the life stages. Pullorum disease, on the other hand, is classically seen in very young chicks and is transmitted vertically through eggs, making ova transmission a central feature of its epidemiology. So, describing fowl typhoid as affecting all ages with septicemia or chronic liver/gut disease, and Pullorum disease as chiefly affecting young chicks via ova transmission, matches the real differences in how these diseases present and spread. The other statements misstate the age range, the transmission route, or the typical disease outcome (for example, Pullorum disease can cause septicemia in chicks; fowl typhoid can involve hatchery losses but is not limited to them).

The key idea is the difference in age impact and transmission route between the two Salmonella diseases. Fowl typhoid is a systemic infection that can affect birds of any age and can present as acute septicemia or as chronic enteritis/hepatitis, reflecting its ability to spread and cause disease across the life stages. Pullorum disease, on the other hand, is classically seen in very young chicks and is transmitted vertically through eggs, making ova transmission a central feature of its epidemiology. So, describing fowl typhoid as affecting all ages with septicemia or chronic liver/gut disease, and Pullorum disease as chiefly affecting young chicks via ova transmission, matches the real differences in how these diseases present and spread. The other statements misstate the age range, the transmission route, or the typical disease outcome (for example, Pullorum disease can cause septicemia in chicks; fowl typhoid can involve hatchery losses but is not limited to them).